| Disease ID | Source | Name | Description |
| 614815 | OMIM | Joubert syndrome 18 (JBTS18) | A form of Joubert syndrome, a disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease. JBTS18 patients have vermis agenesis and the molar tooth sign as well as severe kyphoscoliosis. Other features include intrauterine growth retardation, oral anomalies, micrognathism, polydactyly and camptodactyly, joint laxity, horseshoe kidney, and ventricular septal defect. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. TCTN3-mutated fibroblasts from JBTS18 patients fail to respond to Shh agonists suggesting that at least some of the defects in affected individuals may be secondary to reduced Shh signaling (PubMed:22883145). |
| 258860 | OMIM | Orofaciodigital syndrome 4 (OFD4) | A form of orofaciodigital syndrome, a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by malformations of the oral cavity, face and digits, and associated phenotypic abnormalities that lead to the delineation of various subtypes. OFD4 patients have tongue nodules, multiple frenulae, broad flat nose, hypertelorism, and short rib polydactyly with tibial dysplasia (Majewski syndrome). The presence of severe tibial aplasia differentiates OFD4 from OFD1. Additional features of cystic dysplastic kidneys and brain malformation, including occipital encephalocele, are observed in severely affected patients. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. |